《血战钢锯岭》之电影与现实的对比

资料出处：http://www.historyvshollywood.com/reelfaces/hacksaw-ridge/1、电影演员与真实人物原型2、戴斯蒙德·道斯(安德鲁·加菲尔德饰)参军的原因quot;IfeltlikeitwasanhonortoserveGodandcountry,quot;Desmondsaid.quot;Wewerefightinforourreligiouslibertyandfreedom.quot;为上帝与国家服务，为宗教与自由而战。3、拒绝持枪的原因herefusedtocarryaweaponbecauseofhispersonalandreligiousbeliefsasaSeventh-dayAdventist信奉基督复临安息日会。IwannabelikeChristgosavinlifeinsteadoftakinlifeandthatsthereasonItakeupmedicine.quot;不要杀人，而是要像耶稣一样拯救世人。Desmondbelievedthathisfatherwouldvekilledhisuncle(hismothersbrother)ifhismotherhadntsteppedin.Desmondvowedthatwouldbethelasttimeheevertouchedagun.小时候看见父亲差点拿枪打死舅舅，从此发誓不碰枪。电影里舅舅的角色换成了母亲。4、戴斯蒙德·道斯参军前就一直喜欢助人为乐吗？Yes.quot;Hewasalwayshelpfultopeople,quot;saidhisbrotherHarold哈尔·道斯的证实。Instead,Desmondtookafterhismother,BerthaDoss,whotaughthimaboutcompassion,helpingothers,andtheimportanceoffollowingChrist.母亲教育他要有怜悯之心，帮助他人，信耶稣。HissisterAudreyrecalledatimewhentheywereyoungandDesmondwenttheextramiletohelpvictimsofanaccident.他的sister奥黛丽的证实：徒步去3英里外的医院献血。献血这段电影里有拍出来。5、现实中的多萝西是护士吗？DorothySchuttewasnotanursewhenshemetDesmond.Shedidntgethernursingdegreeuntilyearslater,afterthewar,whensheneededtohelpsupporttheirfamily.Desmondsinjuriesanddisabilitiesfromthewarlefthimunabletohaveafull-timejob.起初不是，战后戴斯蒙德·道斯受伤无法全职工作，多萝西为了养家考取了护士资格。6、现实中两人什么时候结的婚？TheHacksawRidgetruestoryrevealsthatDesmondDossmarriedDorothySchutteonAugust17,1942,beforegoingonactiveduty.两人第一次相遇于林奇堡的一间教堂，1942年8月17日两人结婚，和电影里不同的是，此时戴斯蒙德·道斯还没有前往部队服役。7、因为拒服兵役而被送往conscientiousobjectorscamp？Yes,buthetriedtoexplaintothearmythathestillwantedtobeinthemilitaryanddohispart,justwithouthavingtokill.通过不断解释，最终留在了军队，但他仍然是conscientiousobjector。8、现实中真的有被队友欺负吗？quot;Youknow,hedsayhisprayersatnightandeverything,andsomeguystooktheirshoesandthrewshoesathimandthrewthingsathim,madefunofhimrightoutintheopen,quot;队友嘲笑他，扔鞋子，但是没有电影里掀床和殴打这些情节。Afteramonthofbeingintheinfantry,thearmydecidedtogranthimhiswishandtransferredhimbacktothemedicalcorps.一个月后，他被转为医疗兵。9、星期六拒绝工作？Yes.AsaSeventh-dayAdventist,hebelievedinanadherencetotheFourthCommandment,whichsaystokeeptheSabbathdayholy.ThismeantfromsundownFridayuntilsundownSaturday,hedevotedhimselftoprayer.是的，电影里也有讲到，是因为信教的原因，不过captain不同意他这样做。10、JackGlover（萨姆沃辛顿饰演的角色）希望戴斯蒙德·道斯离开营队？quot;andIsuggestedthat,inmyopinion,Dossshouldbetransferred.quot;ItshouldbenotedthatafterlaterfightingalongsideDesmond,JackGloversopinionofhimchangedentirely.quot;是的，不过在一起并肩作战之后，JackGlover改变了对他的看法，想不到他最后还救了JackGlover一命。11、召开听证会开除戴斯蒙德·道斯？Yes,ashisofficersgrewlesstolerantofhisrefusaltobeararmsorworkonSaturdays,theyconvenedameetingtodischargehimonaSection8formentalinstability.长官们召开听证会，希望以精神问题为由开除他。Tome,IfeelIdbeaverypoorChristiantoacceptaSection8offmyreligion.quot;DesmondtoldColonelCooneyhewouldbejustasgoodofasoldierashim.TheofficersrelentedandknewWashingtonwouldneverapproveaSection8solelyonreligiousgrounds.但是他们也知道，如果只是宗教原因，华盛顿方面是不可能赞成这次开除的，所以最后妥协了。12、因为拒绝持枪的原因被威胁送上军事法庭？Yes,butthingsdidntescalateasfarastheydointhemovie.WhiletrainingintheU.S.,anofficerbythenameofCapt.CunninghamgotintoanargumentwithDesmondandtoldhimonlythosemenwhoparticipatedinrifletrainingwereallowedpassestogointotown.没有电影里那么严重。Capt.Cunningham威胁把他送上军事法庭，但被另一名长官制止了。不过后来Capt.Cunningham没有批准他回家探亲的休假。13、父亲出面找前任长官改变庭审结果？hisfathercontactedthechairmanofthechurchsWarServiceCommissioninWashington,CarlyleB.Haynes.Thechairmanmadeacalltotheregimentalcommander,ColonelStephenS.Hamilton,askingifitwasnecessaryforhimtocomeinvestigatethesituationwithDesmondDoss.首先道斯没有被送上军事法庭，其次现实中是父亲联系了教会的一位主席，主管战争事务的，这位主席又联系了部队的团长，最后争取到了3天的探亲假。14、上战场前和多萝西的见面以及离别？Yes.quot;Whenthetrainpulledout,Iwavedgoodbyetoher,andItellyou,itleavesyouaverylowfeeling,knowingyoumayhaveseenyourwifeforthelasttime,quot;recalledDesmond.和电影里一样感人，而且当火车驶经家门口时，戴斯蒙德·道斯将字条绑在砖头上扔给了在家门口伫立眺望的父亲。15、救助日本兵？Itseemslikelythatthisistrue,atleastaccordingtothestoriestoldbysomeofhiscomradeswhofoundanAmericanbandageonanenemysoldier.quot;Idontknowhowbadthemanwashit,quot;saidafellowsoldier,quot;buttherewasonefoundwithabandageonhisarm,anAmericanbandage.quot;情况基本属实。可能有一些简单的包扎，但是并没有像电影里的那样将日本兵从悬崖上运下来。16、美国进攻冲绳的原因Afact-checkoftheHacksawRidgemoviesupportsthattheUnitedStatesinvadedtheislandofOkinawainordertousetheislandasanairbaseforaninvasionofmainlandJapan攻下冲绳，作为一处空军基地来使用。17、钢锯岭有多险恶？OkinawasMaedaEscarpmentisanapproximately350-foothighridgethatrunsacrossmostoftheislandofOkinawa.quot;TheJapanesehadbeenthereforyears,quot;saidtherealDesmondDoss.quot;Theyhadthatmountainhoneycombedandcamouflaged,itlookedlikenaturalterrain.Thatswhatwehadtoface.quot;Maeda悬崖（电影中的钢锯岭）是一座横跨冲绳岛的山脊，高达350英尺（106米），日军在上面布满了暗道，并进行了伪装。18、攀爬悬崖用的网Yes,andmedicDesmondDosswasoneofthethreemenwhovolunteeredtogouptheridgeandhangthecargonets(somethingnotshowninthemovie).Theywerethesamecargonetsthatthemenhadusedtoclimbdownfromthearmypersonnelcarriersintothelandingcraftsthattookthemashore.就是运输船上用于攀爬的网，而且是由包括戴斯蒙德·道斯在内的三个人负责悬挂的，电影中并没有展现这一情节。19、戴斯蒙德·道斯在战场上杀过日本兵吗？quot;Betweenmeandmybuddywasthesehandgrenades,quot;saidDesmond.quot;AllIhadtodowasjustpullthepinandIknewIhadsomeJapanese.quot;Realizingthattakingouttheenemyintheholewouldprotecthismenfrompossibledeath,helatersaidthatthiswasthegreatesttemptationofhislife.quot;IthoughtofwhatIheardbefore,Thoushaltnotkill.GodgavelifeandIdidntwanttotakelife.quot;感谢网友@Samuel回复，这里应该是没有杀日本兵。20、医疗兵是日本军队的重点攻击目标吗？Yes.TheJapanesefocusedontakingoutmedicsinordertodemoralizetheirenemy.医疗兵确实是日本军队的重点攻击对象之一，目的是为了打击美军的士气。电影里有提到这一段，他们把所有会表明医疗兵身份的标志都去掉了。21、队友撤退之后，戴斯蒙德·道斯还留在钢锯岭上救人？quot;IhadthesemenupthereandIshouldntleaveem,quot;saidDesmond.quot;Theyweremybuddies,someofthemenhadfamilies,andtheytrustme.IdidntfeellikeIshouldvaluemylifeabovemybuddys,soIdecidedtostaywiththemandtakecareofasmanyofthemasIcould.IdidntknowhowIwasgonnadoit.quot;确实如此，因为戴斯蒙德·道斯不愿放弃这些出生入死的队友。22、戴斯蒙德·道斯真的是用绳索将伤员一个一个地运下来的？Fallingbackonhisexperiencehelpingrescuefloodvictimswhenhewasyounger,Dossfashionedaspecialslingthatenabledhimtolowerthemenonebyonetosafety.戴斯蒙德·道斯利用自己以前在西弗吉尼亚州救助灾民时的经验，将绳索做成特殊形状，最后将伤员一个一个地运送了下来。23、戴斯蒙德·道斯险些死于战场，因日本兵开枪时卡壳而躲过一劫？Whileloweringthemendowntheridge,theJapanesehadaclearshotatDesmondDoss.Thoughitsnotdepictedinthemovie,oneJapanesesoldierrecalledhavingDesmondinhissights,buteverytimehewenttofire,hisgunjammed.戴斯蒙德·道斯在悬崖边运送伤员时被日本兵发现，但日本兵每次开枪都会出现卡壳的情况，只能说上帝在保佑他。24、总共救了多少人？Dossestimatedthenumberofliveshesavedtobe50,buthiscommandingofficerwantedtocredithimwithsaving100lives,sotheycompromisedat75(LibraryofVirginia).自己估计50人，长官给他邀功100人，最后取中间值75人。24、在战场上救人时情况有多危险？quot;Whenyouhaveexplosionsandburstssocloseyoucanpracticallyfeelit,andnotgetwoundeduptherewhenIshouldhavebeenkilledanumberoftimes.IknowwhoIowemylifetoaswellasmymen.ThatswhyIliketotellthisstorytothegloryofGod,becauseIknowfromthehumanstandpoint,Ishouldnotbehere.quot;身边多次近距离的爆炸，但最后死里逃生好几次。戴斯蒙德·道斯花费12小时时间救了75人，平均约每10分钟救出一人。25、现实中在攻打钢锯岭前有读圣经的片段？GiventhatDesmondwastheonlymedicleftinBCompany,heagreedtogobutrequestedthathefirstbegiventimetoreadhisBible.还真有，读完圣经才攻打，结果成功拿下。26、戴斯蒙德·道斯最后被手榴弹炸伤？SoIjustquicklytookmyleftfootandthrewitbacktowhereIthoughtthegrenademightbe,andthrowmyheadandhelmettotheground.Andnotmorethanhalfasecondlater,IfeltlikeIwassailinthroughtheair.IwasseeinstarsIwasntsupposedtobeseein,andIknewmylegsandbodywereblownup.躲避及时，只是炸伤腿和身体，大白天看见了星星。27、最后还被日本狙击手补了一枪？Desmondgaveuphisstretchertotheman,butwhilewaitingforhelptocomeback,hewaswoundedagain,thistimebyasnipersbulletthatshatteredhisleftarm.将担架让给他人，在等待救援时被日本狙击手的子弹击中左臂。28、圣经在受伤后丢失了？Yes.InaletterhometohiswifeDorothy,writtenonMay31,1945,heinformedherthatwhilebeingtreatedonthehospitalshipMercy,herealizedhehadlosthislittleBiblewhenhewaswounded.确实如此，不过最后被B连的兄弟给找回了。29、为什么戴斯蒙德·道斯在持枪问题上毫不妥协？quot;IknewifIeveroncecompromised,Iwasgonnabeintrouble,quot;saidDesmond,quot;becauseifyoucancompromiseonce,youcancompromiseagain.quot;坚持信仰不动摇。30、战后的戴斯蒙德·道斯AfterWWII,Desmondreceivedamodestpensionfromthemilitary,butduetohisdisabilitiesfromhisinjuries,hiswifeDorothygothernursingdegreeandhadtoworkfull-timetohelpwiththeirincome(inthemoviesheisalreadyanursewhentheymeet).Theygrewtheirownfruitsandvegetablestohelpsustainthemselvesandeventuallyfarmedtheland.Desmondalsoworkedpart-timeasacabinetmakerandtriedvariousotherjobsthathishealthwouldallow,includingraisingtropicalfish,door-to-doorsales,andworkingasamaintenanceman.战争致使戴斯蒙德·道斯的身体90%伤残，肋骨和肺损坏，花了五年半治疗，但过量的抗生素又使他失聪。后来多萝西做全职护士来养家，并且他们用保险金买了四亩地来支撑生活。戴斯蒙德·道斯也做一些力所能及的活来补贴家用。多萝西后来因乳腺癌和车祸去世，戴斯蒙德·道斯1993年再婚，2006年去世。